SAMEA14036448 ERS11639730 uncultured Firmicutes bacterium This sample represents a Third Party Annotation (TPA) Metagenome-Assembled Genome (MAG) assembled from the metagenomic run ERR2113684 of study ERP024437. EBI Generic Generic.1.0 ERC000047 2023-01-03 2023-01-03 SAMEA14036448 EBI European Bioinformatics Institute 2023-01-03T00:32:06Z 2023-01-03T00:32:06Z public ERR2113684_bin.63_CONCOCT_v1.1_MAG Many fragments with little to no review of assembly other than reporting of standard assembly statistics metaspadesv3.12.0 Default CONCOCT v1.1 EMG broker account, EMBL-EBI 2016-05-01 97.33 CheckM 1.33 Engineered Wastewater Wastewater Denmark 56.4697 10.0373 metagenome-assembled genome wastewater metagenome wastewater metagenome Members of the candidate phylum Acetothermia are globally distributed and have been detected in diverse natural habitats as well as engineered systems. However, little is known about their physiology and ecological importance. In this study, an OTU belonging to Acetothermia was identified as one of the most abundant genus-level bacterial taxa in full-scale mesophilic anaerobic digesters at two Danish wastewater treatment plants. A closed genome was obtained by differential coverage binning of metagenomes and long Nanopore reads. Genome annotation and metabolic reconstruction revealed an anaerobic chemoheterotrophic lifestyle in which the bacterium obtain energy and carbon from the fermentation of peptides, amino acids, and simple sugars to acetate, formate and hydrogen. In contrast to previously studied Acetothermia, the genome did not encode a functional acetyl-CoA pathway required for acetogenesis. Fluorescent in situ hybridization probes targeting Acetothermia were designed and used in combination with confocal laser scanning microscopy and atomic force microscopy. This revealed an unusual morphology composed of a central rod cell with bipolar prosthecae similar to those observed in Caulobacter and Asticcacaulis. These prosthecae greatly expand the cell surface to volume ratio and allow for increased nutrient uptake, providing the bacteria with a competitive advantage under nutrient limited conditions. SAMEA104284474 ERR2113684_bin.63_CONCOCT_v1.1_MAG uncultured Firmicutes bacterium Illumina HiSeq 2500 multi-marker approach